↖︎ Vishal Singh
Data Stories · Consumer Behavior

The Instrument Boom That Arrived Late

Everyone remembers the lockdown guitar. Three million Amazon reviews tell a stranger story: the boom showed up months behind schedule, and when the dust settled, it was the microphones that stayed.

Author
Vishal Singh
NYU Stern School of Business
Published
July 2026
Data
Amazon Reviews 2023 (McAuley Lab)
Musical Instruments · 3.0M reviews
Who this data represents People who wrote Amazon.com reviews in the Musical Instruments category — which includes recording and creator gear — between 1999 and September 2023. Review volume proxies review-writing behavior on one platform, not sales, and not musicians generally.
3.0M
reviews, 1999–2023, across 213,593 products
−24%
review volume in April 2020 vs. April 2019 — a dip, not a boom
1.46×
microphone reviews, Jun 2020–May 2021 vs. the prior year
0.48×
ukulele reviews in 2022 vs. 2019 — the fad fully reverted

The story we all carry from 2020 goes like this: the world locked down in March, everyone panic-bought a guitar, and Google searches for “beginner guitar chords” went vertical. So when we pulled every Amazon review ever written in the Musical Instruments category — about three million of them — we expected April 2020 to be the loudest month in the data.

It's the quietest April since 2017.

The catch is that a review is written when a box arrives, not when a desire forms. And in April 2020 the boxes weren't arriving: Amazon had throttled fulfillment of non-essential goods to prioritize medical supplies and household staples. Demand surged into a pipe that had been narrowed. The result, visible below, is a boom with a hole in it — a sharp dip exactly where the legend says the spike should be, followed by a long, elevated plateau that runs from late summer 2020 through spring 2021 and peaks, of all places, in March 2021, at 1.8× its 2019 level.

Figure 1 · The boom, indexed — pick your instrument
Monthly reviews as an index of each subcategory's 2019 average (= 100), smoothed over 3 months
The divergence is the story. Microphones and studio gear climb during 2020 and never return to baseline; ukuleles spike with the hobby wave and collapse below where they started. Dashed lines mark the WHO pandemic declaration (Mar 11), the CARES Act ($1,200 checks, Mar 27) and the first vaccine authorization (Dec 11, 2020).

A dip where the spike should be

Zoom out to the whole category and the shape is unmistakable. December towers over every year (instruments are gifts), 2019 runs meaningfully above 2018 — and then April 2020 falls off a cliff while the world was supposedly ordering guitars. The recovery isn't a return to trend; it's an overshoot that lasts three quarters.

Figure 2 · Total monthly reviews, Musical Instruments
All subcategories, 2015 – 2022
The April 2020 shipping crunch () cuts volume to 19.8K reviews, below any month of 2019. Volume then runs ~25% above the 2019 baseline for the next year before mean-reverting through 2022.

This reframes what the “pandemic instrument boom” was. In this data, 2020 as a whole is only 13% above 2019 — modest, for the biggest hobby shock in a generation. What actually happened is a rotation: a temporary hobby wave (ukuleles up, then down 52% below baseline by 2022) layered on top of a durable structural shift toward the creator economy. Microphone and studio-equipment reviews were still running above their pre-pandemic level in 2022, after the hobby wave had fully receded. People bought guitars to pass a lockdown; they bought microphones to change what they do.

The five-star era peaked before the pandemic

Two slower stories run underneath the volume chart. The first is about the ratings themselves. Average stars climbed for fifteen years — from about 3.9 in 2004 to a peak of 4.34 in 2019 — and then went into reverse, sliding to 4.10 by 2022. Cohort analysis in the data says the decline is real, not just a mix shift: products that entered the catalog in 2021 carry systematically lower ratings than the 2013–2016 entrants did at the same age.

Figure 3 · Average star rating, monthly
All reviews, 6-month moving average
Fifteen years of ratings inflation, then a post-2019 slide. The pandemic-era influx of first-time buyers and one-tap ratings coincides with the reversal.

The second story is about the review essay, and it's a eulogy. In 2004 the median review ran 126 words — people wrote reviews. By 2016 the median verified-purchase review was 16 words, and it never recovered. The gap between verified and unverified reviewers is striking: people who didn't buy the product on Amazon still write three times as much as people who did.

Figure 4 · The death of the review essay
Median words per review, 6-month moving average, by purchase verification
Verified-purchase reviews collapse toward one-line ratings years before Amazon banned incentivized reviews (dashed line, Oct 2016); the ban is visible mainly in the mix — unverified reviewing shrinks as a share of the total after 2016.

Put together, the three charts describe a marketplace that industrialized its own feedback loop: more reviews, shorter reviews, higher stars — until the pandemic threw millions of new buyers at the system and the stars finally started drifting back to earth.

Data & method

Source: Amazon Reviews 2023 (McAuley Lab, UCSD), Musical Instruments category: 3,017,439 reviews of 213,593 products, extracted 2026-07-09 with DuckDB and validated against the dataset card (exact match). Subcategories come from each product's category path. Charts show 3–6 month moving averages where noted; Figure 1 indexes each subcategory to its own 2019 monthly average. Review text was truncated for storage; word counts were computed before truncation.

Caveats

Reviews measure review-writing, not sales; Amazon's own collection mechanics (one-tap ratings, review solicitation) changed over the period. Data ends September 2023; charts stop at December 2022 to avoid the partial-year tail. Prices in the companion dataset are 2023 snapshot prices. Reviewer identities are pseudonymous and never shown.

Reuse & citation

Data © McAuley Lab, research release — cite Hou et al. (2024), arXiv:2403.03952. Article text and figures: CC BY 4.0.

Singh, V. (2026). “The Instrument Boom That Arrived Late.” vishalsingh.org Data Stories. Data: Amazon Reviews 2023, McAuley Lab (Hou et al. 2024, arXiv:2403.03952).